Athletics Based Sport Shot Put Callum Boddy 8G

                                              

Athletics

Shot put

Shot put requires a lot of strength, the shot put requires the athlete to throw an extremely heavy ball across a distance. The athlete is required to begin the throw from a stationary position within a marked circle and must throw the shot using one hand only. The contestant is disqualified if they leave the marked circle before the shot has touched the ground. The world record for men was set by a man named Randy Barnes (who was from the USA) who threw it a total distance of 23.12 m on the 20^th May 1990. The women’s world record was set by Natalya Lisovskaya who threw it a total distance of 22.63 m on the 7^th June 1987.

Rules

·        After the person’s name is called they have 60 seconds to throw

·        The athlete must pause when entering the circle before he or she throws

·        The athlete must not leave the circle until the shot put has hit the ground

·        The shot is thrown out of the specified sector

·        The athlete must leave out of the rear half of the circle

·        The athlete must not touch anywhere outside the circle during the throw

·        The shot must be released above the shoulder

All of these rules are enforced by an official who will call a foul if any of these rules are broken

Dimensions

There is a specified area which is 34.92° wide in front of the thrower and the shot must land within this area. The circle is 2.135m wide and there is a stop board at the front that is 10cm high.

International Organisations

IAAF (International Association of Athletics foundation) is the main governing body for athletics around the world

WMA (World Masters Athletics) is the main governing body for athletes over the age 35

World Standings

Shot Put doesn’t have leagues, it has a world standing which is based on athlete’s performances, achievements and medals and therefore decides who the best is.

Top Players

Full Name: Eric Randolph Barnes

Age: 45

Nickname: Randy

Current Profession: Retired

Achievements: Holds the current world record

Full Name: Dylan Armstrong

Age: 30

Height: 6 ft 4 in

Weight: 140kg

Current Profession: Shot Put, Hammer Throw

Achievements: Thrown the furthest this year

Equipment

 A shot: To throw

Stop Board: To practice with

Games Based Sport Rugby Union Callum Boddy 8G

Games

Rugby Union

Rugby is a full contact sport that lasts for 80 minutes each game and it has 40 minute halves. The aim is to score points by getting the ball over the oppositions try line, as well as this you can also score points by kicking the ball through the H shaped goal at the oppositions try line. At the end of the game the team with the most points wins the game.

Rules

· The referee enforces all rules and any decisions he is unsure of he will get the television match official or the assistants to confirm

· You cannot throw the ball forward (you must always throw it backwards or level with where you are)

· You cannot tackle above the neck (below shoulders)

· You cannot tackle anyone while they are in the air

· If the ball is kicked and you’re in front of the kicker you cannot interfere with play before the opposition catch it, you must also get back 10 yards from where it is going to be caught

· If the ball is knocked forward it is a scrum

· In a scrum there must be 2 props, a hooker, 2 second rows, 2 flankers and a number 8

· If the ball is kicked or carried off the pitch it is a line out for the opposing team unless it is kicked off from a penalty then it is the team who kicked it offs penalty

· When someone is tackled a ruck is formed and you cannot enter a ruck from the side

· When a maul is formed you cannot enter from the side

· When someone is tackled the tackler has to let go of the player

· If you have the ball on the floor you have to let go of it

· If you touch the ball down inside your try line it is a 22 yard drop out

Playing positions

1= loose head prop: on the left side of the front in the scrum

2=Hooker: in the middle of the front row in the scrum

3=Tight head prop: Right side of the front row in the scrum

4= Second row in the scrum

5=Second row in the scrum

6=Blindside flanker: left side of the scrum

7=Openside Flanker: Right side of the scrum

8=Number 8: at the back of the scrum

9=Scrum half follows the pack around

10=fly half: follows the scrum half

11= Left wing

12=Inside centre Follows the fly half

13= Stays on the side of the with the least players to the inside centre

14=Right wing

15=Full Back: There to stop the opposition from scoring a try after it has got through the defence

Dimensions

It is played with an oval-shaped ball on a field up to 100 metres (330 ft) long and 70 metres (230 ft) wide with H-shaped goal posts on each try line.

International Organisations

The governing body for rugby union is the RFU which control national and international rugby games tournaments and other events

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Club	Played	Won	Drawn	Lost	Points For	Points Against	Points Difference	Tries For	Tries Against	Try Bonus	Losing Bonus		Points
1	Harlequins	8	8	0	0	234	143	+91	23	13		2		0		34
2	Saracens	8	7	0	1	195	122	+73	17	12		1		1		30
3	London Irish	8	3	1	4	221	195	+26	20	18		2		4		20
4	Gloucester	8	4	0	4	167	163	+4	14	15		0		3		19
5	Sale Sharks	8	4	0	4	177	201	-24	18	19		1		2		19
6	Northampton Saints	8	4	0	4	177	136	+41	15	10		1		1		18
7	Bath	8	4	0	4	153	169	-16	12	9		0		2		18
8	London Wasps	8	4	0	4	148	169	-21	15	10		1		1		18
9	Exeter Chiefs	8	3	0	5	150	170	-20	14	17		1		4		17
10	Leicester Tigers	8	2	1	5	210	231	-21	20	25		1		3		14
11	Worcester Warriors	8	2	1	5	110	151	-41	7	13		0		2		12
12	Newcastle Falcons	8	1	1	6	130	222	-92	9	23		0		1		7

 Leagues

Premiership: All of the top teams play in the premiership as it is the best league

RFU Championship: The second league is where the teams who are not good enough to play in the premiership are placed  

National League 1: This is where some of the not so good teams play as they are not good enough to get into the RFU Championship or the Premiership

National League 2: There are two different Types of national League 2, National League 2 North and National League 2 South. These two leagues are where the worst teams in the three rugby leagues play

Saracens

Coach: Mark McCall

Captain: Steve Borthwick

Kit Supplier: Nike

Stadium: Vicarage Road

Stadium Capacity: 19,920

Place in the 2010-2011 Season: 2^nd

Harlequins

Coach: John Kingston

Captain: Chris Robshaw

Kit Supplier: O'Neills

Stadium: The Stoop

Stadium Capacity: 14,600

Place in the 2010-2011 Season: 1^st

London Irish

Coach: Toby Booth

Captain: Clarke Dermody

Kit Supplier: ISC

Stadium: Madejski Stadium

Stadium Capacity: 24,250

Place in the 2010-2011 Season: 3^rd

International Tournaments

There are many different tournaments in Rugby which are played by the international rugby teams.

World Cup: These are played every 4 years by all the countries in the world that qualify to play in the tournament

Tri Nations: The Tri Nations tournaments takes place once a year and is participated in by New Zealand, Australia and South Africa

Six Nations: The Six Nations takes place every year and is participated in by France, Ireland, England, Italy, Wales and Scotland

These are only some of the many Rugby Tournaments that take place

Top Players

Full name: Jonathan Peter Wilkinson  

Age: 32

Height: 5 ft 10 in

Weight: 14 st

Occupation: Professional Rugby Union Player

Nickname: Wilko

Position: Fly Half, Inside Centre

Full Name: Manu Tualangi

Age: 20

Height: 6 ft 1 in

Weight: 17 st 5 lb

Occupation: Professional Rugby Union Player

Position: Outside Centre

Equipment

Rucking Shields: Used to practice rucking and tackling

Scrum Machine: For the pack to practice scrums

Ball: Used to practice running and passing as well as being used in a game

Pads: Worn by the player to protect their soldiers while tackling

Scrum hats: Used by members of the scrum to protect their heads

Gum shields: To stop player’s teeth being knocked out

Rugby Boots: There are boots made for rugby as they have extra ankle protection to help stop injuries